下行流人工湿地去除生活污水中氮磷的研究

用下行流人工湿地处理生活污水,分析了系统对TP,TN的处理效果,并将有无植物2种系统对污染物的去除效果进行对比.研究结果表明:下行流人工湿地对N,P都有很高的去除率;进水中TN,TP的浓度变化对出水中N,P含量影响不大,系统对N,P有一定的抗冲击能力;植物在污染物去除过程中起了一定的作用.     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

人工湿地植物在污水处理系统中的作用探讨

人工湿地污水系统由于具有独特的净化机理和功能而越来越多地被用于处理生活污水和工业废水.湿地植物在人工湿地中起着非常重要的作用,不但可以直接摄取和利用污水中的营养物质、吸收富集污水中的重金属等有毒有害物质;而且还能输送氧气到根区,提供根区微生物生长、繁殖和降解过程中对氧的需求.文章通过详细阐述植物对水中营养元素的吸收作用,说明了植物在人工湿地处理污水中的重要性.     

导流明沟人工湿地治理橡胶废水实践

运用人工湿地原理，采用明沟导流治理橡胶生产废水，其工程投资低，占地面积小，运行稳定，易于管理，去除率高，处理后废水达到国家标准。     

Enhancing treatment efficiency of swine wastewater by effluent recirculation in vertical-flow constructed wetland

Introduction Livestock w astew ater contains highly concen- trated pollutants, including suspended solids (SS), organics, nutrients and bacteria. In C hina, w astew ater generated by concentrated farm s is com m only stored in anaerobic lagoons and partia…     

人工湿地基质除磷影响因素研究进展

基质除磷被认为是人工湿地中磷去除的主要方式。人工湿地基质除磷不仅受其自身化学特性的影响,还受到废水磷负荷、水力条件、运行方式、温度、溶解氧、pH、竞争性离子等的影响,结合国内外的最新研究进展较全面地论述了上述因素对基质除磷效果的影响。最后对吸附饱和基质的去向进行了一定的探讨。     

不同进水方式人工湿地除污效率对比分析

研究了人工湿地在间歇流、连续流进水方式下处理生活污水的效率．并进行了对比分析。在平均水力负荷4.8cm／d时，间歇流和连续流人工湿地COD平均去除率分别为78％和64％；NH3-N平均去除率分别为60％和44％；TP平均去除率均为53％。结果表明，间歇流进水能够提高床体内的含氧量，缓解植物根系放氧不足．提高了污染物去除率。     

天津市湿地资源开发的累积环境影响评价初探

历史上天津市自然湿地资源十分丰富,几十年来湿地大面积萎缩和生态功能急剧退化。天津湿地生态系统存在的主要问题是湿地生态系统如何恢复、重建和功能修复。文章在对天津市湿地生态环境建设的现状与湿地景观变化发展主要问题进行分析的基础上,探讨了湿地生态建设的目标、任务和对策,论述了湿地资源开发利用过程中累积影响评价(CIA)在政策、规划、计划及项目的各个层次都应得到充分考虑,建议明确将累积影响评价纳入到资源开发利用的体系,推动环境影响评价实践的进一步深入开展。     

中外大河河口湿地保护与利用初探

在分析研究河口湿地形成与演变、河口湿地生态系统特征的基础上 ,对中外大河河口湿地保护与利用现状进行了初步研究 ,以期为中国河口湿地保护与利用提供一定的借鉴和启示     

Nitrogen cycling of atmosphere-plant-soft system in the typical Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

The nitrogen(N)distribution and cycling of atmosphere-plant-soil system in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland (TMCW)and marsh meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland(MMCW)in the Sanjiang plain were studied by a compartment model.The results showed that the N wet deposition amount was 0.757 gN/(m~2.a),and total inorganic N(TIN)was the main body (0.640 gN/(m~2.a)).The ammonia volatilization amounts of TMCW and MMCW soils in growing season were 0.635 and 0.687 gN/m~2, and the denitrification gaseous lost amounts were 0.617 and 0.405 gN/m~2,respectively.In plant subsystem,the N was mainly stored in root and litter.Soil organic N was the main N storage of the two plant-soil systems and the proportions of it were 93.98% and 92.16%, respectively.The calculation results of N turnovers among compartments of TMCW and MMCW showed that the uptake amounts of root were 23.02 and 28.18 gN/(m~2.a)and the values of aboveground were 11.31 and 6.08 gN/(m~2.a),the re-translocation amounts from aboveground to root were 5.96 and 2.70 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from aboveground living body to litter were 5.35 and 3.38 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from litter to soil were larger than 1.55 and 3.01 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from root to soil were 14.90 and 13.17 gN/(m~2.a),and the soil(0-15 cm)N net mineralization amounts were 1.94 and 0.55 gN/(m~2.a), respectively.The study of N balance indicated that the two plant-soil systems might be situated in the status of lacking N,and the status might induce the degradation of C.angustifolia wetland.